Pedophilia Is A Severe Personality Disorder That Effects

Pedophilia is a severe personality disorder that effects a small portion of people. Low self esteem, social efficiency and an overall feeling of inadequacy are all strong traits an individual with pedophilia possesses. The effect of such traits will be analyzed in this paper as it is a primary incentive for their criminal offenses. Pedophiles are separated into different groupings that contain a variety of motives that explain how long they will offend for and the specific reasons for why. Evolution also plays a crucial role in their offenses as it involves the competitive nature of mating. Demonstrating a low antisocial, low self worth, and need for power allows for their negative behaviours to thrive. Pedophilia and the motivation†¦show more content†¦167). Only individuals with the persistent sexual fantasy involving children qualify and tends to be stable throughout the individual’s lifespan (Laws O Donohue, 2008, p. 167). It is estimated that 3% of the population are pedophilic, however it is assumed that it is lower because of how strict qualifications are (Laws O Donohue, 2008, p. 167). Pedophilia can transpire in a multitude of ways. Some of which are the acts of exhibitionism, voyeurism, masturbating in the presence of a child, frotteurism, and various forms of penetration ((Bryant, 2011, p. 391). As the offenders grow older, they become less likely to offend (Laws O Donohue, 2008, p. 166). This is because there is a definite decrease in sexual arousal abilities (Laws O Donohue, 2008, p. 166). Defining Pedophilia: Consent When defining pedophilia, it is important to understand when an individual can consent to sexual conduct. In Canada, the age of consent is 16 and for it to not be pedophilic in nature the individual must be five years older than the victim and qualify as a pedophile (Bryant, 2011, p. 391). No person under the age of 16 can consent thus becoming a statutory rape case. An individual must also be coherent to give permissions. Defining Pedophilia: The Offender and Childhood Pedophilic tendencies tend to be lifelong which is why it is important to analyze childhood. Many individuals whom are considered pedophilic report being aware since childhood. As a child, it isShow MoreRelatedNarcissistic, Antisocial, And Dependent Personality Disorders1535 Words   |  7 PagesDiscuss narcissistic, antisocial, and dependent personality disorders. Someone with narcissistic personality disorder would show an exaggerated sense of self-importance, a preoccupation with being admired, and a lack of empathy for the feelings of others (Hooley, p.349). Many studies support the fact that narcissism has two sub types: grandiose and vulnerable narcissism (cain et al.,2008; Ronningstam, 2005, 2012). The grandiose sub-type is manifested by traits related to grandiosity, aggressionRead MorePedophilia Is An Increase Sense The New Age Of Technology1648 Words   |  7 PagesPedophilia is an ever growing problem in the United States, and is on an increase sense the new age of technology. Pedophilic disorder is diagnosed according to the DSM-5 as when an adult derives sexual gratification through contact with children or the want to have sexual conduct with a child which may cause that person severe distress. Criteria for this disorder is very specific to ages, it states that that person has to be at least 16 years old (not legal adult age) and must be at least five yearsRead MoreEssay on Pedophiles and the Criminal Justice System8452 Words   |  34 Pagesfacts. We must educate our children and ourselves so we may begin to put an end to this vicious crime. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;What is a pedophile? The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-111-R; American Psychiatric Association, 1987) lists the essential features of pedophilia as â€Å" recurrent, intense, sexual urges and sexually arousing fantasies, of at least six months duration, involving sexual activity with a prepubescent child† (p.284). The prepubescent child is normallyRead MoreThe Psycological Effects of Masochism and Sadism1980 Words   |  8 Pages The Psychological Causes and Effects of Masochism and Sadism Katelyn Mueller Florida Institute of Technology Human Sexuality December 6, 2015 Abstract Masochism and sadism are very alike in nature. Masochism is a sexual perversion characterized by pleasure in being subjected to pain or humiliation; especially by a loved object. Sadism is the pleasure in being abused or dominated. Sadists have a taste for suffering. Masochism could be a means of escaping from one’s self. It could be a temporallyRead MoreQuestions on Abnormal Psychology4701 Words   |  19 Pagesintegrative model, which of the following factors influence the onset and maintenance of somatic symptom disorders?   A.Biological, psychological, social and cultural factors.   B.Psychological, cultural and perceptual factors.   C.Medical, sociological, and psychological factors.   D.Cultural, medical, and gender factors. Answer Key:  A Question 2 of 50 1.0 Points Concerning the cause of dissociative disorders, _______ dominate(s) this field of psychology.   A.theory and speculation   B.statistical analysisRead MoreJenny from Forrest Gump Personality Trait Analysis Essay3805 Words   |  16 Pagesphysically and sexually abused her sisters and her throughout their childhood which has a lasting effect on Jenny. â€Å"The development of a sense of self is thought to be one of the earliest developmental tasks of the infant and young child, typically unfolding in the context of early relationships. How a child is treated (or maltreated) early in life influences his or her growing self-awareness. As a result, severe child maltreatment – including early and sustained sexual abuse – may interfere with the child’s

Characteristics Of The Green Knight And Sir Gawain

Chivalry is defined as the combination of qualities of an Ideal knight, namely courage, honor, courtesy, justice, and a readiness to help the weak. The story shows Sir Gawain throughout his journey overcoming obstacles that undermine and test his values as a knight; Lady Bertilak being one of those obstacles. Two characters that often portrays chivalry were Lady Bertilak and Sir Gawain nonetheless both share different characteristics. Sir Gawain portrays as a brave and a â€Å"courageous knight† throughout the story his character is developed, he himself has changed for the greater good. When faced with a challenge where it put his king to cost him his throne, Sir Gawain stepped up to the plate, â€Å"I beseech you, Sir.† (line 118-119) Knowing†¦show more content†¦Lady Bertilak did what she was told and moved on from there. She was presented as a very beautiful woman, â€Å"she was the loveliest on earth in complexion and features† and so the Lord thought it was going to be very tempting for Sir Gawain. He declined after a few tries but later accepted the gifts, â€Å"refusing it and swore on his knighthood that he could take nothing.† (line 195-196). That was the role of Lady Bertilak throughout the story, seduce Sir Gawain until he breaks. â€Å"She gave the gift with great pleasure and begged him, for her sake, to say not a word, to keep it hidden from her lord. And he sa id he would, that except for themselves this business would never be known to a man.† (line 134-139) Which proved that she was honorable she sacrificed what she thought was right to follow the orders of someone else. The entire story embraced a code that was followed, and that code was chivalry. Showing bravery, courtesy, honor, and overall being a good person was what the people lived by back then. In the beginning of the story, chivalry started once the Green Knight stepped foot into the castle. The Green Knight had one purpose beyond that entering, to play a game. Challenging the king and his court to a beheading game. Having someone to accept his challenge and basically chopping off his head, just for the pleasure of it. With time he will soon regenerate and come back to get his share of the swing. In thatShow MoreRelatedSir Gawain And The Green Knight1359 Words   |  6 PagesIn the poem â€Å"Sir Gawain and The Green Knight,† a protagonist emerges depicting an Arthurian knight named Sir Gawain. Sir Gawain, King Arthur’s nephew, takes initiative by accepting the challenge requested by the Green Knight in place of his uncle. He undergoes a perilous adventure, seeking for the Gr een Knight to receive the final blow. Although Sir Gawain is not viewed as a hero for his military accomplishments, he is, however, viewed as a heroic figure by the Knights at the Round Table for hisRead MoreCompare and Contrast of Beowulf and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight600 Words   |  3 Pagesand Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Beowulf is an epic poem that was written in the Anglo-Saxon time period where only a few privileged people were able to read and write while Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, which is also an epic poem, was written in the Middle English time period where reading and writing was more wide-spread. While both the epic poem Beowulf and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight have similar protagonists, the main character of each poem also has different characteristics thatRead MoreEssay Analysis of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight1050 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, after Gawain ventures â€Å"into a forest fastness, fearsome and wild† (Norton, 311), he prays that he will be able to find â€Å"harborage† on Christmas Eve (Norton, 312). It is the middle of winter, and Gawain has been traveling in search of the Green Knight whose head he has cut off. After he prays and signs himself three times, Gawain finds a magical castle in the midst of a winter forest. He rides to the castle and is grantedRead MoreThe Journies of Beowulf and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Essay803 Words   |  4 PagesBeowulf vs. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight In the worlds of Beowulf and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, the journeys of two heroes, Beowulf and Sir Gawain, are depicted through the form of poems. The two stories have become two of the most important works of literature in the English history. In the two poems, both Beowulf and Sir Gawain face great challenges in their journeys as heroes. Beowulf embarks on a quest to defeat Grendel and his mother while Sir Gawain faces many difficulties on hisRead More Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Essay1264 Words   |  6 PagesSir Gawain and the Green Knight The poem Sir Gawain and the Green Knight tells the tale of one of King Arthur’s bravest and noblest knights, Sir Gawain. The author spins this magical tale of heroism and adventure over the course of one year. During this year, the hero Sir Gawain undergoes a serious alteration of character. When Bertilak enters King Arthur’s court as the mysterious green knight, he sets Sir Gawain’s destiny in motion. Change, especially spiritual transformation, is a commonRead More Sir Gawain: A Man of Virtue Essay861 Words   |  4 PagesSir Gawain: A Man of Virtue Nobility, honesty, valiance and chivalry are the values instilled in Sir Gawain. He is a respected knight due to these characteristics. Both Sir Gawain and The Green Knight and in The Wedding of Sir Gawain and Dame Ragnell present these qualities of Sir Gawain. In both tales, he proves these traits through many events. Sir Gawain and The Green Knight proves Sir Gawain’s nobility and honesty while The Wedding of Sir Gawain and Dame Ragnell provides proof of his chivalryRead MoreHeroism In Antigone And Sir Gawain And The Green Knight917 Words   |  4 Pagesdoes unordinary and brave actions, and others tend look up to them because of their heroism. In Antigone and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, there are multiple characters that embody the characteristics of a hero. Antigone is a Greek writing that exemplifies what it means to stand for what you believe in as well as having a tragic downfall due to ones own fault. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a Middle English work that precisely goes through the Hero’s Journey. The two characters in Antigone thatRead MoreSir Gawain and The Green Knight1018 Words   |  5 Pages Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Prompt #1 â€Å"Sir Gawain, think on this when you go forth among great princes (Gawain poet.373-374.243).† The Medieval Age had a general literary focus about Romance; the stories in that era consisted of imaginative adventures containing faraway places following the chivalric code, similar to fairytales. Writers often use symbolism to give significance to the plot and reference a deeper meaning. In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, the poet uses symbolism to representRead MoreCompare And Contrast Beowulf And Sir Gawain1358 Words   |  6 PagesBeowulf and Sir Gawain are both heroes, one is a warrior who becomes a King and the other a Knight in King Arthur’s Court. Beowulf takes place in 6th century Denmark and Sweden, it was written during the Anglo-Saxon Literary Time Period. Beowulf’s journey takes place over many years. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is an Arthurian romance believed to have been written in the late fourteenth century by an anonymous author (Baker). S ir Gawain’s journey takes place over one year’s time, from ChristmasRead More Sir Gawain and The Green Knight Essay1602 Words   |  7 PagesSir Gawain and The Green Knight Summary The story begins in King Arthurs court, where he and the Knights of the Round Table are celebrating New Years. While they are enjoying their feast, a gigantic Green Knight rides in on a green horse with an immense axe in his hand to offer them a challenge. His offer is: I shall bide the fist blow, as bare as I sit†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.., but in twelve month and one day he shall have of me the same. (Norton Anthology,208) After a moment of consideration, Sir Gawain

Leadership and Management Commitment

Question: Discuss about the Challenges faced by the Leaders while Implementing Performance Management. Answer: Introduction In the modern times, the organisations are paying high importance to the performance management. The performance management plays a more essential role in the global organisation. The aim of the performance management in the organisation is to promote and improve the effectiveness of the employees. In the opinion of Van Dooren, Bouckaert and Halligan (2015), it is a continuous process where the managers intends to work together with the employees in order to plan, monitor and review the goals, objectives and performance of the employees. In order to understand the performance management and the issues faced by the managers while implementing the performance management program within the organisation, Wal-Mart in United States has been considered. A multinational retail corporation operates a chain of hypermarkets, discount department stores and grocery stores (Walmart.com. 2016). Wal-Mart practices performance management within the organisation in order to maintain sustainability in the international market. However, the process of performance management in Wal-Mart involves a number of challenged that the leaders in the organisation face while operating performance management program in the organisation. The impact of the organisational leadership is thus evaluated while discussing the ways in which the leaders are capable of addressing the challenges of performance management. Challenges faced by the leaders while implementing performance management In the opinion of De Waal (2013), the performance management is one of the crucial activity that the managers of the organisation carries out. Wal-Mart being a well-known company needs to manage the performance of the organization in order to sustain in the highly competitive market. Seuring and Gold (2013) argued that the challenges in operating performance management in the organisation have a number of dimensions in the business environment of todays world. Thus, it is not just enough for the managers of Wal-Mart to create focused initiatives to overcome the challenges faced by the organisation. In case of many of the competitors of Wal-Mart, schemes the remuneration has been effective in boosting up the performance of the companies. These schemes further have long-term effect on the behaviour and the culture of the organisation (Miner 2015). The types of challenge that the organisations are likely to face depend upon the types of the activities performed in the organisation, its environment and the market in which it operates. The main challenges that the managers of Wal-Mart have been facing in the workplace while trying to operate the performance management have greatly affected the overall productivity and performance. The challenges are discussed as follows: Lack of alignment: The lack of alignment id one of the toughest challenge faced by the organisation due to the different process that are being considered within the organisation during the isolation, and linking of budgeting, strategies and operational planning. The different individuals in groups carry these planning where they use various types of frameworks. Wang and Sarkis (2013) mentioned that there remains certain lacking in the alignment between the performance of the individual, department, or the organisation as a whole. Thus, the overall system is disturbed within the company. Lack of measurement: This is the challenge that the different levels of department within Wal-Mart experiences. There have been a number of scenarios where the managers had set targets but failed to put relevant measures to achieve those targets (Vaccaro et al. 2012). The managers are thus unable to collect the data to track the performance of the organisation. Leadership and management commitment: The challenges faced by the leaders or the managers of Wal-Mart have a significant impact on the organisation as it integrates and aligns the management system. The leadership and the management commitment therefore provide a comprehensive performance management system to Wal-Mart. In order to achieve the performance success, it is important for the managers and the leaders of the organisation understand the requirement of the management system and work as per the needs of the organisation (Chhokar, Brodbeck and House 2013). Managing the performance management: There is a need of disciplined framework in order to manage the performance of the organisation. As opined by Buckingham and Goodall (2015), a master plan needs to be considered that is further broken down into relevant parts and areas to ensure the maximum involvement of the employees into the organisational activities. The managers at the different level needs to have a clear idea about the various process such as the contracting, development, measurement and appraisal in order to ensure consistent application of the processes within the business. On the other hand, DeNisi and Smith (2014) mentioned that if the managers of the company considers the performance management as not just an event but also an activity that is to be managed at a daily basis, the outcome for the performance management is enhanced. Managing the poor performance: According to Schlfke, Silvi and Mller (2012), the management of poor organisational performance is a reactive action. However, Wal-Mart delays to execute the managing of the poor performance of the organisation, which makes the overall process a challenging one. Moreover, sue to lack of appropriate measurement and the collection of the required data and information, the managers often delay the management of the poor performance of the business. Ignoring Change Management in System Implementation: One of the vital parts of operating the performance management is to consider the change in the strategic management. The careful Management of resistance from the top management level is necessary. In addition to this, the key tool in managing the change is the intervention of communication into the process. The leaders of Wal-Mart needs to follow milestones and schedules and it becomes a challenge for the management. The leaders of the organisation lay a very important role in the creation of the challenges as well as addressing these challenges. Wal-Mart is no exception in this case, the managers therefore as a positive as well as negative affect the performance management of the company and thereby contributes in the organisational performance. One of the crucial roles of the managers of Wal-Mart is to recognise and reinforce the level of strong performance within the employees and thereby identify and encourage the required improvement. Addressing the challenges faced by the leaders In order to have an effective performance management process, it is important for the managers of Wal-Mart to involve all the members of the organisation to support the performance of the employees, development and ensure success. When the managers at the higher level such as the senior executives, are engaged into the organisational activities of the company, there will be higher participation rate of the employees and the lower managers that will further result in enhanced quality performance management. The effectiveness of the leaders is important in minimising the challenges faced by the organisation while operating the performance management program throughout of their operations. The solutions that can be effective used to address the challenges in the performance management system lies in the comprehensive approach that ensures alignment, planning, management of the performance system. Use of performance management system as a valuable tool: In order to address the various challenges that the managers of Wal-Mart faces, it is important for the managers to use the performance management system as a valuable tool that helps to support the development and improvement of the employees. As per the words of Cascio (2014), when the managers tend to lack interest, the employees lose interest too. Thus, the overall management of performance is hampered. Hence, the managers need to lay stress on the benefits and encourage the employees to consider the ownership of their individual performance and development. Determining appropriate schedule: the leaders of the organisation needs to conduct short, regular meetings in the organisation with the employees in order to discuss and record the milestones, success, challenges and the opportunity of Wal-Mart while operating in the highly competitive market (Garca-Morales, Jimnez-Barrionuevo and Gutirrez-Gutirrez 2012). This is an effective approach as it allows the organisation to monitor the progress of the goals in an improved manner and thereby provide training or guidance to the employees. Moreover, with the conduction of the short meetings, the leaders are able to reduce the effort that is required during the reviewing of the annual organisational performance. The managers are able to review the achievement, development, setbacks, trainings that have occurred all over the years with the use of the annual performance review meeting (Goetsch and Davis 2014). This information can be further used to set the goals and the development plan for the upcoming year. Deliver regular constructive and positive feedbacks: The managers of Wal-Mart need to provide the employees with regular feedbacks though the one to one meetings. The employees are to be commended in front of their colleagues and peers. One of the other measures that the managers have to consider is noting down the performance of each employees during the conversation, so that there are concrete information to share with each other. Taticchi, Balachandran and Tonelli (2012) stated that the main aim of feedback is to analyse the behaviour and expectation of the employees so that the organisation do not dwell on undesirable behaviours. The regular check of the progress on goals of the employees will help to provide assistance and goals as per the requirement. Communicating and revisiting the performance expectation: An effective leader always communicates the standard of the performance and expectation of the organisation with the employees. The employees will thus be able to understand the difference between the behaviours that are acceptable and those that are not. Thus, the misunderstanding within Wal-Mart can be reduced effectively. The managers to gather the relevant information about the employees can use a multiple sources. The 360 degree feedback or the other survey tool can be used to complete and validate the observation about the employees (Genovese et al. 2014). Provide training: The leaders or the employees in Wal-Mart need to train the employees in such a way that the two communications is improved and strengthened to deliver the desired result and behaviour of the employees. In order to lay specific stress on a certain aspect of the employee performance, it is important to coach the employees. Moreover, the employees are to be advised about the issues of the performance management from before so that they are able to handle the issues in a better way. The leaders of Wal-Mart follow a democratic leadership where the employees are allowed to take part actively in the process of decision-making and the management of organisational performance. The leadership style is effective as it allows equal opportunity to all the employees to participate, exchange ideas freely. The ideas are respected and are often implemented in order to increase the participation rate of the employees and motivate them. However, there have been faults in the management system of Wal-Mart that have degraded the performance level of the organisation. The management style of the company has been considered to be outdated that further resulted in the failing of the customers. The large stores of the company do not seem to fit well in the urban areas although it had good sales in the rural areas (Forbes.com. 2016). The company is highly challenged by the competitors in the field of online retailing. Moreover, the customer service provided by the company to the cust omers was also of poor quality that caused a number of potential customers of Wal-Mart to switch to other brands. The business model of the company was surely to be blamed as the leaders of the company ineffectively designed it without addressing the issues that the organisation has been facing. The source of the issues was the lack of employee training within the company. It was suggested that the company needs to shut down for 24 hours in order to provide training session to the organisation. Nevertheless, it came up, as another challenge as the leaders of the company was unable to connect with the employees and the customers. The major problems regarding the management and the leadership occurred at the middle level of management. These managers try to execute their absolute power and could not consider the importance of simple aspects of the company such as customer service. There have been further arguments made against the organisational leadership of the company. The managers of the company have failed to keep up with the changes in the retail environment that lead to challenges in the operation of performance management (Giacalone and Rosenfeld 2013). On the other hand, the competitors of Wal-Mart such as Amazon kept selling more products in the market at a much lowe r product offered by Wal-Mart. The customers thus found it less necessary to purchase products from the company, as there were a number of online options open to the customers (Kaisler et al. 2013). The leaders were thus incapable to obtaining a proper knowledge about the market and thereby failed to align the organisational activity as per the needs of the market. Conclusion The successful result of the performance management program is greatly dependent on the organisation leadership. The good as well as the poor organisation leadership have a significant impact on the performance management and thereby affect the overall productivity of the business in the home country as well as in the international market. The managers of Wal-Mart face a number of issues while operating the performance management program within the organisation. The issues have a direct impact on the sustainability of the company in the international market. The issues further decrease the comparative advantage of the company that disturbed the position of the company in the market. The main reason that caused the issues in the organisation was the slow reaction of the company to the changes. There was also a rapid change in the business landscape of the company. The change in the organisational pattern, management, and the transformation became a permanent feature n the landscape of the business. The innovative technologies were increasing in the market while the company was unable to meet the changes required. To meet the challenges in the organisation, Wal-Mart needs to carry out the best practices for the organisation in a sophisticate manner in order to enhance the organisational change management. The performance management program in Wal-Mart thus needs to be improved by the leaders of the organisation by adopting new and effective strategies. The consideration as well as adaptation of the effective strategies will help to enhance the effectiveness of the management. However, it is further important for the managers to review the performance of the employees and organisation in a daily basis in order to ensure that the goals of the company are effectively addressed and the overall productivity of the company is increased. References Buckingham, M. and Goodall, A., 2015. Reinventing performance management. Harvard Business Review, 93(4), pp.40-50. Cascio, W.F., 2014. Leveraging employer branding, performance management and human resource development to enhance employee retention.Human Resource Development International,17(2), pp.121-128. Chhokar, J.S., Brodbeck, F.C. and House, R.J. eds., 2013.Culture and leadership across the world: The GLOBE book of in-depth studies of 25 societies. Routledge. De Waal, A., 2013. Strategic Performance Management: A managerial and behavioral approach. Palgrave Macmillan. DeNisi, A. and Smith, C.E., 2014. Performance appraisal, performance management, and firm-level performance: a review, a proposed model, and new directions for future research. The Academy of Management Annals, 8(1), pp.127-179. Forbes.com. (2016).Forbes Welcome. [online] Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/panosmourdoukoutas/2016/01/30/walmarts-outdated-management-style-is-failing-customers/#55f0682167db [Accessed 15 Dec. 2016]. Garca-Morales, V.J., Jimnez-Barrionuevo, M.M. and Gutirrez-Gutirrez, L., 2012. Transformational leadership influence on organizational performance through organizational learning and innovation.Journal of Business Research,65(7), pp.1040-1050. Genovese, A., Lenny Koh, S.C., Kumar, N. and Tripathi, P.K., 2014. Exploring the challenges in implementing supplier environmental performance measurement models: a case study.Production Planning Control,25(13-14), pp.1198-1211. Giacalone, R.A. and Rosenfeld, P., 2013.Impression management in the organization. Psychology Press. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014.Quality management for organizational excellence. pearson. Kaisler, S., Armour, F., Espinosa, J.A. and Money, W., 2013, January. Big data: issues and challenges moving forward. InSystem Sciences (HICSS), 2013 46th Hawaii International Conference on(pp. 995-1004). IEEE. Miner, J.B., 2015.Organizational behavior 1: Essential theories of motivation and leadership. Routledge. Schlfke, M., Silvi, R. and Mller, K., 2012. A framework for business analytics in performance management.International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management,62(1), pp.110-122. Seuring, S. and Gold, S., 2013. Sustainability management beyond corporate boundaries: from stakeholders to performance. Journal of Cleaner Production, 56, pp.1-6. Taticchi, P., Balachandran, K. and Tonelli, F., 2012. Performance measurement and management systems: state of the art, guidelines for design and challenges.Measuring Business Excellence,16(2), pp.41-54. Vaccaro, I.G., Jansen, J.J., Van Den Bosch, F.A. and Volberda, H.W., 2012. Management innovation and leadership: The moderating role of organizational size.Journal of Management Studies,49(1), pp.28-51. Van Dooren, W., Bouckaert, G. and Halligan, J., 2015. Performance management in the public sector. Routledge. Walmart.com. (2016).Cite a Website - Cite This For Me. [online] Available at: https://www.walmart.com/ [Accessed 15 Dec. 2016]. Wang, Z. and Sarkis, J., 2013. Investigating the relationship of sustainable supply chain management with corporate financial performance. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 62(8), pp.871-888.

King Henri IV Essays - Dauphins Of France, Knights Of The Garter

King Henri IV King Henri IV was born at Pau in Bearn on December 13, 1553. Raised by his mother, Jeane d'Albret (Queen of Navarre), Henri was brought up in a remote castle in the Pyrenees. He grew up amongst the peasant children of that area and raised on a diet of bread, cheese, and garlic. As a youngster Henri was brought up in the Protestant faith, which was the opposite of his father's wishes. As result, Henri was taken to Paris on his father's orders and given a Catholic tutor. However, he stubbornly refused to attend Mass. Consequently, after the death of his father, Henri was once again instructed by a Protestant tutor. By the age of ten, Henri had already changed religions twice. Remaining in Paris, Henri attended classes at the College de Navarre. Gradually he learned to speak and write fluent Latin and Greek, and he had managed to attain some Spanish and Italian. In 1567 Henri reestablished himself in Pau, reuniting with his mother and sister Catherine. His education was continued, this time including fencing and military arts. Five years later, after an outbreak of several religious wars, the marriage between Henri and the reining king's sister, Marguerite de Valois (a Catholic), was arranged so as to bring temporary peace to France. After Henri's mother's death, the wedding took place. The two were wed on August 18, 1572 at Notre-Dame. Little did the new king know, that day would mark the prelude of a great tragedy. During the wedding, Catherine de Medici consented to the assassination of Admiral de Coligny. On August 22 he was shot at from a window but was merely injured. The Huguenots (French Protestants) were enraged. Queen Medici finally agreed that a general massacre was the only solution to terminate Admiral de Coligny. Before dawn on Sunday, August 24, 1572, the Duc de Guise's swordsmen broke into the Admirals bedroom. He was brutally skewered with a pike, then his corpse was thrown out of a window and hanged by the ankles from the public gibbet. The signal was given and the Paris mob was unleashed. The mob was totally merciless, savagely slitting the throats of all possible Protestants without the willing pity unto children and pregnant women. The Louvre was transformed into a slaughterhouse; the bodies of dead and tortured Huguenot bodies gathered along staircases and piled up against walls. Henri and his cousin Conde were spared only for the sake that they beheld royal blood within their vanes. After that, Henri was forced to change his religion for a third time. In addition, he remained prisoner at court for four years. After the death of King Charles IX, Henry of Navarre's cousin, Henri III became king. King Henry made peace with the Huguenots. After being defeated multiple times by superior Catholic armies, King Henri III turned to Henri of Navarre for help. The help of Henri of Navarre made it once again possible for Henri III to recover his lost powers. Together the pair soon controlled the entire area between the Loire and the Seine. On July 30 he besieged Paris with an army of 40,000. On the peak of this achievement, the king was stabbed by Dominican friar, Jacques Clement. Henry III died that night after ordering his followers to take an oath of allegiance to Henri of Navarre. As result, Henri by name became king of France. However, Henri was refused loyalty by most of his subjects on account that he had been excommunicated and that he was Catholic. Only a mere sixth of France supported Henri. His only source of the reconciliation of loyalty, he soon found, would to be to appeal to those who preferred peace rather than religious war. After victoring numerous accounts of battle with Catholics, Henry IV eventually managed to besiege Paris with 15000 men in May. Unfortunately, Paris remained totally Catholic. Henri then decided to starve the city into submission rather than cause war. By July Paris was pathetically hungry. Cannibalism was a common case?children could be seen chased through the streets by starving elders. People resorted to eating dead dogs (including the skin), rats, garbage, and flour made from bones (those who ate the flour died). Thirteen thousand French died of starvation. Paris did not give up. They were by far too proud to surrender to a heretic king. That September Paris was saved by the Duke of Parma who shipped food across the Sine to the city. Henri revoked as winter drew near. In the summer of 1591 Henri was reinforced